Concepts and Features in Bookkeeping

Concepts and Features in Bookkeeping 1. Name two (2) business needs relating to bookkeeping Business needs will vary according to what type of business it is. Accurate recording and maintenance of transactions is a business need relating to bookkeeping another is compliance with legal requirements. As a bookkeeper you are required to be up to date with legislation related with bookkeeping to make sure you are able to do certain tasks and if the business owner is being ethical. 2. Why is clarifying business needs and expectations important? It makes it easier for you to understand and fulfil your role efficiently and effectively within the business. You need to have a clear understanding on what the owner of the business expects of you and whether you are able to fulfil your role. 3. Name four (4) customary roles and responsibilities of a bookkeeper Accounts payable: Receive and record invoices from suppliers Accounts receivable: Prepare and send invoices to debtors Accounts to trial balance: Petty cash reconciliation and processing. 4. Why is it important for a bookkeeper to define their roles and responsibilities with the business owner? The business owner will already have thought about what they require from the bookkeeper. So to make sure you are suitable for the job you need to have your role defined. Do you know the software or do you need a refresher course, do you need any additional training. Do you have the certification or are there any licensing requirements. To have an understanding of what the owner expects of the bookkeeper is crucial to doing your job effectively. 5. Name two (2) consequences that may occur when a bookkeeper completes activities that fall outside their roles and responsibilities. They may incur penalties through breaches of certain acts for instance if they were to lodge a tax form when they are not a registered tax agent. You may be unsure of how to complete that job efficiently and have the risk of making a mistake. For instance you are asked to analyse a report and you are not really sure of what the report means but you go ahead and give the owner advice. This can give the owner incorrect information of where his business is going which could lead him to make bad decisions for the business. 6. Provide an example of an activity that falls outside the responsibilities of a bookkeeper. Identify an alternative provider for that activity. Installing certain software on the computer for example anti-virus software that you know nothing about. In this instance you would use an I.T professional. 7. Explain what networks are and give an example of a networking group that you would advise your client to join. Networks are about a group of people coming together to exchange ideas which can be valuable to the business. Networks are established and maintained with the purpose of promoting business needs. Informal networks are contacts that have their own business contacts that they may refer you to give unbiased advice. It is good business practice to refer the business owner to relevant networks for further input some such instances may be an I.T specialist that you know who comes highly recommended or an accountant that you have heard is very good. You may refer these contacts when the client is looking for accounting software. The accountant you know may have worked with this software before and he recommended the I.T specialist who installed it. You may add the software suppliers to that network as well. 8. Outline a strategy a bookkeeper could implement in order to ensure their ongoing professional development. Explain in your answer how this professional development can be implemented. You will need to establish a strategy, planning and documenting as you go. Determine learning objectives and outcomes required and maintain your existing skills. Identify the pathways you have as an option to achieve these strategys then plan and implement your strategy. For example your employer wants to change over to a new accounting software. You would then have to research where, when and how you are going to learn this new software and what all the options are to suit your working lifestyle. Are you going to have to train new staff and how can you implement this. What networks are available to help you along the way. What resources are required and what pre-requisites if any are there? After making a plan you would have to sit down with your employer to establish how this plan is going to be implemented. Is he going to pay for the course if there is one? Will this be done on your own time or will he compensate for the time required to learn the new software? 9. Briefly explain how a bookkeeper can establish and maintain an effective working relationship with clients. To maintain an effective working relationship with your employer you need to be aware of your role they have set out for you with in the business. They will have a clear financial goal for their business and as a bookkeeper you will aid in developing that plan, you will need to continue your professional development to support the desired outcome and priorities of the business. By doing this you are maintaining a good working relationship with your client. It is good practice to ask for feedback from your clients to ensure they are happy with your services and make changes to your service, to provide a service that your clients will be happy with. To think that no feedback is good feedback is not a good way to achieve personal development. Feedback allows you to identify and act on opportunities to improve your development. This will encourage growth by allowing you to approach new tasks or existing tasks in a different manner, improve communication between yourself and the relevant parties and lead to expanding the range of services you offer. You also need to be adaptable to change, develop your ability to apply the skills and knowledge gained, implement change, keep your knowledge up to date and monitor the relevant business needs. 10. If a bookkeeper has a problem with a client not handing over their payroll records, what strategies can they implement to ensure that correct records are received and compliance requirements are met? You need to set up a bookkeeping system to ensure compliance requirements of the business are being met at all times. For example confidentiality of financial information is protected. Financial information is easily accessible for relevant parties, financial information is stored and maintained in an organised and secure manner, non-compliance is identified and dealt with in a timely and effective manner, roles and responsibilities are clear, the business stays up to date with changes to laws as they are introduced and transactions are recorded accurately and in an efficient and timely manner. Establishing a system that is clear to your client and yourself will eliminate confusion of compliance on all bookkeeping matters. You would need to carry out some research this may include speaking to the accounting association and payroll experts and other relevant contacts with in your networks. The aim here is to identify the legal requirements and how they relate to this particular business. During this analysis you will need to identify any existing related policies, obstacles and implementation issues foreseen. Does the business have policies and procedures related to payroll? If so what are they and are the legal requirements up to date? If there are changes or introductions to new payroll laws then you would need to identify the relevant parties that may be affected and whose support is necessary to develop a policy change. Once the policy is approved by the appropriate person it will then need to be communicated to all payroll staff and any training if necessary to implement the procedures that relate to payroll policy to ensure compliance with the policy and legislation. It is important to have good c ommunication with the business owner and accountant to ensure the business needs are met. Planning, gathering information, documentation and testing are important functions in the process. 11. Identify at least two (2) bookkeeping associations that a bookkeeper would find useful and explain the benefits of belonging to that association. List the criteria for membership. The Australian Bookkeepers Association is governed by bookkeepers, is 100% Australian. The governance structure allows for greater involvement from members. Voting ABA members receive a reduction in the required hours of relevant experience when applying for or renewing a BAS agent registration with the Tax Practitioners Board from 1400 to 1000 hours. Representation in more arenas that affect you as a bookkeeper. They focus on training and learning. You are given the opportunity to become more involved in your profession. You have a chance to have your voice heard and ideas presented to appropriate bodies, organisations and government departments. Membership is open to bookkeepers at all stages of business for $462 per year which is tax deductable. You will have access to a library of technical publications and be able to network with the bookkeeping community. You can get one on one support from a team of experts and get a members only deal on Indemnity insurance for bookkeepers. At the Institute of Certified Bookkeepers you can gain certified bookkeeper status through accredited prior learning, work experience or ICB examinations. ICB member benefits are all about resources, items, benefits that directly add value to the ICB Member. In some cases they are commercial advantage but most are related to the Bookkeeper being better at what they do. As a member you have Practical, usable, everyday help. An extensive knowledge base, information library, how to guides, checklists and templates. Phone, email and web-based support for all bookkeepers provided by bookkeepers. Accessing a network of experts when required. Updates News, from the website or from social media, stay right up to date with developments in the bookkeeping community. ICB generated and monitored access to the most appropriate education and training for bookkeepers. Enhance your professional image by adopting a [emailprotected] email. Template newsletters provided to you for tailoring, personali sing and providing to your clients. Access the newsletter information by podcast allowing you to listen at your leisure, along with many more member benefits. There are different levels of membership that require different prices for example where membership is sought based on qualifications: The Certificate IV must have been awarded within the past two years in order to stand alone, otherwise a bookkeeper knowledge assessment will be required. http://www.icb.org.au/ accessed 15/02/2017 http://www.austbook.net/aba/ accessed 15/02/2017 12. Search bookkeeper engagement letter to find sample engagement letters. Engagement letters outline the terms and conditions under which the bookkeeper will provide services and the limit of those services. List 4 matters covered in an engagement letter and explain why it is important that both the bookkeeper and potential client, before signing, seek feedback on any matter covered in this document. One term in the engagement letter is the services you agree to provide to the business. This is important so that the client understands what your role will be in their business and what services you are able to provide and what you cannot provide. For example you may not be a registered Tax agent so therefore the client cannot expect you to lodge their tax. You will have in detail the services you can provide. Another term would be the client/business owner responsibilities, which may include paperwork relating to the transactions for the month or quarter, ongoing access to the business software, bank statements, credit card statements etc. You may also have something stating the client is to answer queries as required and that ABNs of suppliers be checked at least once a year to ensure they are valid. A signed authority by the business owner to enable you as a bookkeeper to contact the tax agent via phone or email as required. Other signed authorisations enabling you to make payments on their behalf. Terms of Engagement will have your service fees that the client will sign to say they agree with your fee and when it will be paid, any late fees and other additional terms if payment is not met. Confidentiality will be a term regarding all matters connected with and relating to the business, where you agree to not disclose any information to anyone without being authorised to do so in writing or unless legally required. After you and your client have both read and agreed to the terms and conditions of your employment you will both sign the engagement letter. This is important to formalise your business relationship. This letter seals the deal, articulates and solidifies expectations of both contractor and client. This will stand as a contract between you and your client and can protect your interests as you move forward in your business. It is important to discuss the letter before signing in case there is anything you have missed or neglected to include in the letter, this will avoid misunderstanding as to what you have agreed to do. It will provide your client with the opportunity to ask for any additional services upfront if necessary, and it protects you from doing work you had not originally planned to.

The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay -- Stem Cells Medical Health Science Genet

The Stem Cell Dilemma Every day, nearly 3,000 people die while waiting for an organ transplant (D’Agnese). Moreover, 66,000 people are still on an organ donor list in the United States, few of which will ever see their name come up on that list (â€Å"Improving†). Many people believe nothing can be done about this sad fact. However, this is not the case. Studies on stem-cell research point toward a solution to this deadly problem. With efficient use of stem cells, many diseases and medical problems could be solved. Stem-cells are very young, specialized cells. Usually coming from a human embryo, they have the ability to develop into more specialized groups of cells or tissues (â€Å"Stem Cells: A Primer†). As of 2001, scientists could develop stem-cells into more than 110 different types of tissues, such as blood, brain or heart tissue (Robinson). If these cells could be so useful in the medical field, why are they not being used now? First of all, the research on stem-cells is still ongoing, though if given funding this research may have already been accomplished. According to Gary Stix, a writer for Scientific American, on November 5th, 2001, a company called Advanced Cell Technology (ACT) was the first to actually clone embryonic cells. This is not cloning in the most common sense, though. Stem-cells have previously been obtained from tissues of early stage embryos. With this experiment, scientists tried to use a new technique in making stem-cells so that real embryos need not be used. The scientists injected cells into eggs which had their nuclei removed, rather than making an actual copy of the cell. These cells developed, though the furthest development was from the one cell to eight cells, which is not enough to provide stem-cells (Lauritzen). This may not seem like much, but it is seen as a small step on the path to greater and more efficient use of these cells. So, one factor in the question of why do we not use stem-cells is that certain people do not approve of the use of embryonic tissue in research. There are many reasons, however, in which it could be seen as feasible to use embryonic stem-cells in the sake of medicine. For example people with heart disease or kidney failure could be cured with a relatively cheap operation. Today organ transplants are quite expensive and sometimes a matching donor can not even be found if a patient had ... ... Bibliography D’Agnese, Joseph. â€Å"The Debate Over Stem Cells Gets Hot†. Discover 23 (Jan. 2002): 1. Draper, Eric. â€Å"Remarks by the President on Stem Cell Research.† Aug. 9 2001. Feb.10 2002. â€Å"Improving the Nation’s Organ Transplantation System.† US Department of Health and Human Services. 18 Oct. 1999. 16 Feb. 2002. Lauritzen, Paul. â€Å"Broadening the Debate on Cloning and Stem Cell Research.† America 186 (4 Feb. 2002): 22 Academic Search Elite. Ebscohost. University of Louisville Ekstrom Library. 6 Feb. 2002. Lee, Jacqueline. â€Å"Embryonic Stem Cells: The End Doesn’t Justify the Means.† Claretian Publications Jan. 2002. Proquest. University of Louisville Ekstrom Library. 6 Feb. 2002. Robinson, B.A. â€Å"What are Stem Cells?† 29 Aug.2001. Feb 16 2002. Safire, William. â€Å"The Crimson Birthmark.† New York Times 21 Jan. 2002. Proquest. University of Louisville Ekstrom Library. 6 Feb. 2002. â€Å"Stem Cells: A Primer† National Institutes of Health. May 2000. Feb. 16 2002. Stix, Gary. â€Å"What Clones?† Scientific American 286 (Feb. 2002): 18. Academic Search Elite. Ebscohost. University of Louisville Ekstrom Library. 6 Feb. 2002.

Letter to Me

Your highschool years are finally here. You may have heard these will be the best years of your life, but I might have to disagree. Unless you are looking forward to an overload of homework every night and making sure you copy all the notes everyday so you dont fail Mrs. Pormento's weekly biology test im sure you will feel the same. I always looked forward to wednesdays, we had gym with Mrs. Moore it was almost like a free period but her health class on the other hand was dreaded by many including myself. Im sure youll enjoy some of the same classes I did,my favorite was Mr. Hanleys english class senior year. Even though we joked around and and he made us laugh most of the period he somehow found a way to get serious and get back on track. Then after our work was done he would goof off some more. The worst class would have to be history with Mr. V, just the sound of his voice telling us to turn page 1092 and do numbers 1 to 10 when we had 8 days of school left would urke my nerves an d i know majority of the class felt the same. Weekend basketball games were exciting and it was somthing to do on a friday night. Now baseball games were never to interesting to me, regardless i never understood what was going on i just never liked many of the baseball players, they had a cockiness about them that made me barely able to stand the sight of them. Throughout these years you should alway have fun and always have a clear mind and NEVER worry about the rumors the other sections girls make up about you. I always just assumed they were jealous and had nothing else better to do, you should do the same. The most important thing here is your school work. No matter what you should always try your best and do all your assignments,handing them in on time would be even better no one can afford ten points off every day its late. Looking back if i could do it all over again i wouldnt change to many things,maybe just some of the friends i had. As the days go by you grow as a person and you realize who your real friends are. Thats why i always say worry about yourself and yourself only. I say this because everyone looks out for themselves and they arent preoccupied about you and your buisness so you need to stay on top of it and make these four years as easy as possible. Each day in highschool is just another lesson, not only a math lesson that you dont understand or another boring book in english class but there life lessons that will make you a better,wiser person. These lessons will show you who you really are and help you develop into the person that you will strive to be one day. Senior year will come much sooner than later and within a blink of an eye you will be at graduation walking down St. Marys church recieving your highschool diploma. Now lets talk about four years that might be a bit more appealing,college. Everyone brags that college is so much better than highschool and how you become independent during those four years but i guess ill jus see for myself in september. Apply to more than one college, dont make the same mistake i did. Believe me youll regret it big time. One more thing take it slow with Sister Anne and try not to make her life so difficult. Try to always keep in mind that she is eighty five years old and has had it with all of us kids who dont seem to listen very well. So make the best out of these next four years and succeed.

Intercultural communicaton analysis Essay

The life of every personality is deeply affected by a myriad of intercultural affiliations that affect a person’s ability to interact with other people and be seen by them from a specific viewpoint. Intercultural communication is likely to be particularly affected by cultural stereotypes. Therefore, each person’s life is shaped to a great degree by cross-cultural perceptions and co-cultural affiliations. In my personal case, I have a variety of cultural affiliations that have a direct influence on my life. In the first place, a lot of facets of my experience depend on my physical characteristics, such as my female gender. Being of that gender, I have a different kind of experience with other people, as it seems easier to bond with girls than with boys on certain subjects, and some aspects of physical work and sports are naturally harder for me because of my weaker constitution. In addition to gender, my life is also impacted by my ethnic origin and religious tradition. Being Turkish and Muslim, I tend to follow the rules and norms prescribed by our faith. Thus, I pray five times a day, observe the Ramadan, and attend meetings in the local mosque. As a result, my lifestyle puts me in contact with a lot of Muslims who constitute my immediate circle of communication. In communication with other cultural and religious groups, I have to recognize that my principles and habits are different from most people. Many of my peers, for instance, find it strange that I do not eat or drink by daylight for the entire month of Ramadan. This makes me pause and explain to them the significance of the fast and what it means to me as a Muslim. Being Muslim does not in itself give an exhaustive description of my cultural identity since I have also been exposed to a number of other cultural influences. I am Turkish, and our culture differs in many ways from that of Arabic countries or that of Iran. In addition, I speak English as a second language and went to a French high school. Thus, for me, as for many of my younger countrymen, European cultural influences proved a great impact. I have been watching European movies and read European books since childhood. Knowing English, I was also exposed to the US cultural influence, watching Hollywood blockbusters and interacting with American peers. Belonging to a certain category, one is always an easy target for stereotypes. Thus, it so happened that I am an only child, so many believe that I am spoiled. In a talk with a classmate at school, I had to give examples of household chores that I do at home to dispel his notion of my being utterly â€Å"spoiled†. He only believed me after I told him how I could cook myself the whole dinner for the family at the age of 10. On the other hand, communicating with older people, I have to correct their understanding of college students as spoiled, rough, and careless. Sometimes, I feel as if these qualities are attributed to me by default simply because young people are portrayed in this way in a variety of movies. I try to combat this stereotype by taking time to talk to them at length about my studies and future career plans. I think it gives them an idea that I am serious about college as a way to a better life, not just a socializing event. In this way, my life has been infused with a variety of cultural influences that made me the person I am. At times, it can be difficult to balance many of them, such commitment to my faith with realities of college life here in the US. However, I do my best to try and find a sound approach that will dispel stereotypes and allow me to retain my unique identity. Reference Neuliep, J. W. (2000). Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach. Houghton Mifflin.

Nordstroms Anthropologic Analysis of War

Nordstroms Anthropologic Analysis of War Introduction Ethnography is a discipline which is trying to observe and explain human behavior. Nordstrom provides an in-depth analysis of one of the most enigmatic phenomena which is characteristic for humanity: people’s activity aimed at killing each other, i.e. war. In her book â€Å"Shadows of War† Nordstrom observes various people’s lives and considers the war in terms of political, economical, social and cultural peculiarities of different societies.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Nordstrom’s Anthropologic Analysis of War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Specific approach of the author enables the reader see every facet of the multifaceted phenomenon, and observe the impact of war on particular individuals and the outcomes of war on global scale. What is more, Nordstrom reveals the line between war and peace and suggests that it is possible to predict violence in a state if to cons ider properly all â€Å"shadows† which constantly appear in all countries worldwide. Nordstrom’s research methods Nordstrom exploits the major ethnographic method, anthropological fieldwork. This research method presupposes â€Å"participant observation† which enables the anthropologist to get a closer look at the processes which take place in the society or community under consideration (Robbins 15). Thus, Nordstrom provides insights into every arena of war, which the author is considering. Nordstrom recreates the atmosphere which exists in countries where people suffer from military conflicts. This approach enables the author to follow one of the anthropological concepts, relativism. Nordstrom provides myriads of examples from everyday life of people exposed to negative outcomes of war. These people are often engaged in illegal operations, but the author providing the real life examples explains that for many people illegal operations become the only way to su rvive (Nordstrom 197). Nordstrom provides long block quotes of people she interviewed. These quotes reveal the picture of the horrible world in which millions of people try to live. It is important to state that the author follows one more principle of anthropology and considers many countries. Nordstrom’s universalism makes it possible to have a more complete picture of the processes which lead to war or peace on global scale. Apart from giving certain real life examples which explain many people’s behavior, Nordstrom also considers all actors taking part in the war, civilians, soldiers, political entities, big companies and other states. This holistic approach enables Nordstrom to consider factors which influence war and peace, or the â€Å"time of not-peace-not war† (Nordstrom 171).Advertising Looking for report on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nordstrom’s findings and r esults It goes without saying that holistic approach of Nordstrom makes it possible to have the complete picture and draw quite precise conclusions. In the first place, it is necessary to point out that the majority of Nordstrom findings prove the accepted perception of war, as a phenomenon which is caused by many factors and should be considered from different perspectives on various levels. However, one of the most significant findings of the author is that â€Å"much of what undergirded the assaults took place along shadow channels† (Nordstrom 12). Moreover, the author suggests that if to consider these shadow channels properly it is possible to predict various cases of violence and even wars. For instance, Nordstrom point out that the start of war depends on the fact whether these shadow channels become powerful enough (12). Thus, the author states that it was possible to predict September 11 attack, but the US intelligence failed to take into account numerous shadow chan nels which caused so many lives and nation’s grief (Nordstrom 12). The author provides examples from such countries as Afghanistan or Angola where the shadow channels led to long period of â€Å"not-peace-not war† which transformed in war (Nordstrom 171). Interestingly, these findings are based on the ethnographic observation of people living countries where war has become a norm. Average civilians’ words highlight many of the shadow channels which are the basis of the war. For instance, the talk of Angolan stuff illustrates that economic factors play crucial role in any conflict. The author reveals the simple truth that the war makes some people suffer, but others, at the same time make fortunes. Thus, Angolans point out that soldiers punish people for trading, but sell products themselves: â€Å"More goods than bullets go across the front lines† (Nordstrom 169). It goes without saying that such real life examples back up Nordstrom’s findings abou t shadow channels and their influence on societies and their role in the balance between the war and the peace. Nordstrom research in terms of ethnography Admittedly, such a thorough analysis of one of the most disputable issues of people’s behavior contributes greatly to the overall study. Nordstrom’s ethnographic research not only draws certain conclusions as for causes and effects of the war and peace. The book should be also regarded as a good example of ethnographic approach to the problem. First, Shadows of War provides holistic analysis of human behavior. Nordstrom considers every level of society to understand possible reasons for emerging conflicts and cases of violence. It is necessary to note that there is certain focus on average civilians’ attitudes.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Nordstrom’s Anthropologic Analysis of War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Admittedly, Nordstr om relies on the major research method of ethnography, fieldwork. Nevertheless, the results of the fieldwork are put in larger discourse of primary reasons of the war. This enables the anthropologist to obtain important findings which can become an effective tool in violence prevention. Thus, Nordstrom’s research provides a good example of possible implications of ethnographic findings. Apart from this Nordstrom pays much attention to her ethnographic observation. Her interviewees provide the author with precious information which explains human behavior in war time. Reputedly, ethnography cannot take any assumption, e.g. it is good or bad, for granted (Robbins 16). Relativism is one of the most important principles for an anthropologist. Nordstrom does not simply state that people are engaged in many illegal operations. She provides the setting which explains why people behave in this or that way. Nordstrom’s research reveals relativity of good or bad in war time. Suc h a close look at people’s lives is very important for ethnography on the whole. Conclusion In conclusion, it is possible to point out that Nordstrom book is a good example of an in-depth analysis of people’s behavior in terms of major concepts of anthropology. Nordstrom follows such principles of anthropology as holism, relativism and universalism. The book provides the results of ethnographic observation which enable the author to draw more general conclusions about the causes and effects of war. Thus, Nordstrom reveals the shadow channels which are often the basis of numerous conflicts. The most important finding which Nordstrom articulates in the book is that it is possible to predict attacks or prevent the start of war if to consider properly and take into account the shadow channels. This finding makes the book one of those ethnographic books which suggest definite implication of ethnographic findings. Nordstrom, Carolyn. Shadows of War: Violence, Power, and Int ernational Profiteering in the Twenty-First Century. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2004. Robbins, Richard H. Cultural Anthropology: A Problem-Based Approach. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, 2008.Advertising Looking for report on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Internet social networking's effects on teenager's social lives Essay

Internet social networking's effects on teenager's social lives - Essay Example Such sites allow the members to socialize with their friends by adding them to their profile, sending them messages and commenting on their statuses displayed on the pages of their profiles. Social networking sites most commonly in use today are Facebook and Twitter. Most teenagers necessarily visit these websites several times in a day all over the world. According to a recent research generated by the Pew Internet Project, as many as 93 per cent of the teenagers in America between the age of 12 years and 17 years are regular users of the internet, and 55 per cent of such teenagers spends most of the time using social networking websites (Hall). Social networking sites cause a lot of troubles in the life of teenagers. As a result of the expanded social circle because of internet social networking, teenagers are prone to fall in the hands of pedophiles and kidnappers. Internet social networking increases the interaction of a teenager with others. In fact, many studies have found the social networks of internet using teenagers to be much larger than others that do not use the internet. Not only their social circle increases, but also the way they communicate changes. Nowadays, many teenagers can be heard speaking to one another in slang. The time that teenagers spend socializing with others in the virtual world is no less effective than the real world for building relationships and socializing with others. ... The predators can easily project themselves as teenagers. This allows them to draw the teenagers into harmful activities in the real world along with the virtual world. They send messages to the teenagers via these websites. Many teenagers respond to them. The predators may use social networking sites to drive the teenagers into the business of drug dealing or child pornography. Drug smuggling, prostitution, and cyber terrorism are the common results of crimes conducted through net. The privacy control is also an important feature of most of the social networking sites, but not many teenagers are prudent enough in their use of the internet to use the privacy control. Besides, not many predators get caught by the monitoring of profiles. Identity theft is one of the biggest risks of social networking through websites, that exposes teenagers to the risk of abduction. Teenagers tend to display their personal pictures on their profiles and display their contact numbers, house numbers, and other necessary information that is required by the kidnappers. There are many causes of such a massive display of personal information on the websites. First, children tend to display their complete and accurate information so that it would be easier for their old and lost friends to access them online. Secondly, many teenagers tend to display information to show off that they are living in a particular city or studying at a popular college or school or have joined some famous club in the town. There are many other causes as well. Social networking sites are an excellent source of information regarding any individual as well as his/her family for the kidnappers. In the recent years, a lot of people have been kidnapped all over the world. Teenager boys may be

The role of John Brown and his quest to end slavery and how it may or Essay

The role of John Brown and his quest to end slavery and how it may or may not have the nation toward Civil War - Essay Example Brown moved to live amongst the black community to lead asafather to the slaves.Varied opinions emerged about his main objective and critics claimed was to arm slaves for a rebellion; he however denied that but eventually, his actions resulted to civil war. At the age of 50, Brown became a radical abolitionist who he deemed God had preferred him to lead slaves to freedom (DeCaro 15). According to him, even if the freeing slaves would entail force that was God’s will. Brown first declared his interest in leading an anti-slavery movement during his meeting with Frederick Douglas (DeCaro 15). In 1847 and according to Douglas, despite being a white man, he sympathized with the Blacks as if he felt the pains and cruelty that characterized their daily lives. In 1854, the Kansas –Nebraska Act gave citizens residing in either of the territories rights to decide whether they will cease from holding onto slavery of persist with it. He took advantage of this and moved to Kansas together with five of his sons. Numerous people who were against servitude also started relocating to Kansas with the intention of securing it for the pro slavery faction. He turned to be a significant icon undertaking anti-slavery guerilla agitations besides initiating slavery attack in Lawrence. In 1856, the invaded the town and killed five of its residence. He did this by combining his efforts together with that of sons to continue opposing slavery in Kansas and Missouri for the remaining part of 1856. Brown decided to launch an attack in Virginia whereby before then embarked on gathering an army and acquiring adequate funding to support his it (Elliot 61). He came up with an army of 21 men comprising of 5 blacks and 16 whites. Preparation took place in the freedman farm as they planned how to capture Federal Arsenal at Harpers Ferry. In their planning, they provided weapons such as pikes and rifles (DuBois, William, Finkelman, &